From the start the membership of IFOS was open to any national ORL society. This remains the case today as long as the country is recognized by the United Nations. Nations with more than 1 national society may have more than 1 member although each country has only 1 vote at the General Assembly. Membership is also open to international societies in otolaryngology and related fields.
IFOS is governed by a General Assembly which meets once every 4 years, during the world congress at which time it selects the site for the next meeting and elects an Executive Committee which deals with the business of IFOS between world congresses.
The Executive Committee currently is composed of 18 members who are elected for a 4 year term, renewable once only, and of whom at least two must be from each of the following continents or regions: Africa and the Middle East, Central and South America, East Asia, North America, and South and West Asia, at least four from Europe and at least one from Oceania.
Six Regional Secretaries will be elected by the Executive Committee and shall assist the General Secretary, to whom they are responsible, and work in cooperation with the Members of the Executive Committee from their Region.
Functions of IFOS:
| World Congress | Year | Country and Place | President | General Secretary |
| I | 1928 | Denmark, Copenhagen | ||
| II | 1932 | Spain, Madrid | ||
| III | 1936 | Germany, Berlin | ||
| IV | 1949 | England, London | ||
| V | 1953 | Holland, Amsterdam | ||
| VI | 1957 | U.S.A., Washinton DC | ||
| VII | 1961 | France, Paris | ||
| VIII | 1965 | Japan, Tokyo | S.Sato | |
| IX | 1969 | Mexico, Mexico City | A. Bustamenti Gurria | |
| X | 1973 | Italy, Venice | E.Arslan | |
| XI | 1977 | Argentina, Buenos Aires | J.M.Tato | |
| XII | 1981 | Hungary, Budapest | L.Surian | F.Orozco |
| XIII | 1985 | U.S.A., Miami, FL | J.Ran Chandler | Jean Marquet |
| XIV | 1989 | Spain, Madrid | T.Sacristan | Jean Marquet |
| XV | 1993 | Turkey, Istanbul | O.Sunar | Peter Alberti |
| XVI | 1997 | Australia, Sydney | G.McCafferty | Peter Alberti |
| XVII | 2002 | Egypt, Cairo | N.Kotby | Jan Grote |
| XVIII | 2005 | Italy, Rome | D.Passali | Jan Grote |
| XIX | 2009 | Brazil, Sao Paulo | P.Pontes | Jan Grote |
| XX | 2013 | South Korea, Seoul | C.S. Kim | Milan Profant |